If investing feels like a rich person’s game, it’s not your imagination: Many online brokers impose initial deposit requirements of $1,000 or more. Mutual funds, a common investment choice with close to $16 trillion in U.S. assets, often have similar minimums.
But that doesn’t mean you should sit on your hands — or settle for the near-0% interest rates that savings accounts are paying — and assume you can’t meet the cost of entry. After all, regularly investing small amounts over a long time horizon just might be the single best way to build wealth. And with robo-advisors like Betterment and Wealthfront actively targeting new investors with low minimums, it’s possible for anyone to get in on the action.
Here’s how to do that with just $500.
Invest through a robo-advisor
When you have a small amount to invest, one of the best choices is a robo-advisor.
Robo-advisors use computer algorithms to manage your money in exchange for a small management fee. The process diversifies even small account balances among a range of carefully selected exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and the management fee is typically a percentage of assets under management, which means the amount you pay is tied to your account balance.
Betterment has a $0 funding requirement, but on balances of $10,000 or less it requires auto-deposits of $100 a month to avoid a $3 monthly charge. Wealthfront has a $500 minimum but manages the first $10,000 for free. (Even better: The company has agreed to increase this to $15,000 for NerdWallet’s readers.)
With either of these robo-advisors you can open an IRA, which is the best home for your money — after, of course, a 401(k) with matching dollars.
The payoff: Betterment says its clients can expect returns that are 4.3% higher than what the average DIY investor sees. Less the company’s fees, on $500 invested over 30 years that could add up to additional earnings of close to $8,600.
- Offers superior tax efficiency on accounts over $100,000. See our Wealthfront review.
- Management fee: 0.25%, waived on first $10,000 in account
- Account minimum: $500
- Promotion: NerdWallet readers get the first $15,000 managed for free
- Goal-based tools motivate investors to save more. See our Betterment review.
- Management fee: 0.15% to 0.35%
- Account minimum: $0
- Promotion: Up to six months of free management
Pick an online broker that waives its minimum
If a robo-advisor isn’t your style — maybe you want to be a little more hands-on with your investment choices — you might prefer the autonomy of an online brokerage account.
The trouble: As noted, many online brokers require $1,000 or more to open an account. Even if a broker doesn’t require that kind of initial balance, many mutual funds and index funds do.
But there’s another option that builds momentum and gets you in the door: Some brokers will waive the required minimum to open an account if you commit to continued monthly deposits. (This is often called an automatic investing program.) At Fidelity, you can do this in an IRA if you elect for auto-investments of at least $200 a month. Charles Schwab often waives its $1,000 account minimum with automatic investments of $100 a month.
The catch if you go this route is that your investment choices may be limited to select mutual funds, typically the broker’s own. But there’s also an added perk: Once you get into the habit of putting that money away, you may not want to stop. The act of saving admittedly isn’t very fun, but watching that money build up certainly can be.
The payoff: An earlier start on growing your money. Let’s say it would have taken you a year to build up a $1,000 minimum. Delaying your investment by that long would shave $300 off your 30-year return.
- Offers an impressive trading platform and depth of research paired with low commissions. See our TradeKing review.
- Commission: $4.95 per trade
- Account minimum: $0
- Promotion: $1,000 in free commissions for clients with a balance of $5,000 or more
- Provides low commissions and superior trading tools, particularly for options traders. See our OptionsHouse review.
- Commission: $4.95 per trade
- Account minimum: $0
- Promotion: Trade free for 60 days with balance of $5,000 or more
Invest in commission-free ETFs
It’s tough to get enough diversification if you buy individual stocks with a small amount of money, and you risk losing a good chunk of your investment to commissions. Enter ETFs.
ETFs are index funds, meaning they track an index, like the S&P 500. When you buy one, you’re buying a basket of investments. A good total stock market ETF, for example, will hold stocks of companies both large and small in a variety of different sectors.
The major difference between ETFs and index funds is that ETFs trade like a stock; as such, they are purchased for a share price. You could get a few ETFs and be fairly well diversified for $500. Future investments could boost that diversification further.
The caveat here? Because ETFs are traded like a stock, they can be subject to broker stock trading commissions — but many brokers offer a list of commission-free ETFs. The trick is to find a broker with a minimum you can meet and a good selection of commission-free funds. TD Ameritrade and E-Trade are both worth checking out.
The payoff: Eliminate a $10 commission on a $500 investment and you’ll avoid losing 2% of that investment right off the bat. Two percent may not sound like much, but it’s nearly a third of the overall return you can expect per year.
- Provides top-tier research and two powerful trading platforms available to all customers. See our TD Ameritrade review.
- Commission: $9.99 per trade
- Account minimum: $0
- Promotion: Up to $600 cash bonus
- Offers a large investment selection with reasonable commissions and fees. See our E-Trade review.
- Commission: $9.99 per trade, volume discounts available
- Account minimum: $500
- Promotion: Up to $600 cash bonus
Pay down high-interest rate debt
Think this isn’t an investment? Think again. Paying off high-interest-rate debt like credit cards offers a risk-free and guaranteed return on your investment that is equal to the debt’s interest rate.
The payoff: Wiping out a balance of $500 on a 14% interest rate card is worth $70. You’re unlikely to get that kind of return in the stock market — and you can’t put a price on the euphoria that comes with being debt-free.
Max your employer match in your 401(k)
If you have some extra money to invest and a 401(k) that offers matching dollars, this is an easy answer: Start funding that baby. Those matching dollars are free money and a 100% return on your investment. Don’t pass that up.
There’s another benefit, too: 401(k)s typically offer a curated selection of investments with no minimum requirements. The selection tends to be skimpy, yes, but there are likely to be at least a few good mutual fund or ETF and index fund choices that would otherwise be out of your reach. For instance, Vanguard’s target date funds — which are some of the best, and lowest-cost, in the business — typically require a $1,000 minimum investment. But if they’re offered within your 401(k), that won’t apply.
The payoff: $500 invested at a 7% return for 30 years will grow to close to $4,000. Add a 50% match on that contribution and you’ll have nearly $6,000. No, it’s not a ton of cash. But it is 10 times your initial investment — and regularly putting extra money to work will add up over time, in addition to making you a more confident investor.
Image via iStock.
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